Navsari, one of the oldest cities of Gujarat, has an inspiring history of over 2000
years. According to the Greek historical writings, a celebrated Egyptian astronomer
and geographer named Tolemy mentioned about Navsari's port in his book written about 1850 . years . ago (150 A.D.).
The . geographic location . he . showed . as . Narispa, is in fact the Navsari of
today (Ref: Bombay Gazetteer. Record 13).
The origin of the name "Navsari" has a very fascinating history. In
the past, the city of Navsari has been associated with many names such as Nag Vardhana,
Nag Shahi, Nag Sarika, Nag Mandal, Nav Sarika and Nav Sareh. Some of the legends
associated with the various names of Navsari are as follows:
Shayashray Shiladitya, who
ruled over Navsari in the seventh century named this city NAG VARDHANA in honor
of his Guru Nag Vardhana. During the same period, the name changed to NAV SARIKA
as is evidenced by a recovered copper plate dated 669 A.D. The legend is that Shayashray
Shiladttya presented a copper plate to a priest in his town. The copper plate read
that Shiladitya, the ruler of "Nav Sarika," had bestowed a nearby village upon this
priest of the Kashyapclan.
Another recovered copper plate dated 821 A.D. implies that the
city's name later changed into NAG SARIKA. The copper plate indicates that a Rashtrakut
king named Kark Suvarna Varsh gave "Nag Sarika" as a gift to his teacher named AparaJeet,
pupil of Sumati kaharishi, who in turn was a pupil of the famous Digambar Jain teacher
Acharya Mallavadi. There is a popular legend behind the name "Nag Sarika." Fables
suggest that there was a big papal tree on the bank of a pond in the city. A huge
Cobra lived in a hollow of this tree. On this same tree, Sarika _ a singing bird
_ had her nest. As they resided in the same place, both became friends. Everyday
Sarika entertained the Cobra by singing her melodious tunes. The legends have it
that due to this remarkable friendship between the Nag (Cobra) and the Sarika (singing
bird), the city's name became popular as NAG SARIKA.
Another legend of the Nag talks about the origins of a
different name for the city: NAG SHAHI. Historically, a Nag (Black Cobra) temple
was situated next to a talav (pond) in the city. People worshipped the Black Cobra
for its power and Prowess. Although the pond (talav) does not exist any more, the
historical Nag Temple still exists in the area known as "Nag Talavdi" today. Hence
the city came to be known as NAG SHAHI, which means the power and prowess of the
Black Cobra.
According to the Parsi tradition, in 1142 A.D., when they first came to Navsari,
the city was named as NAG MANDAL. The Parsis found the city's atmosphere to that
of "Sari" prant of Iran. In the Farsi dialect, "Nao" means new and "Sari" refers
to the place in Iran. Hence, the name NAO SARI came into being.
The Fourteenth century marked the beginning of Muslim rule in Gujarat.
Navsari came under the Muslim rule in the late sixteenth century when its name was
changed to NAV SAREH. The anecdote is that according to the Muslim tradition, there
were nine "Sarchs" of Muslims in the city and hence the name was derived as NAV
(Nine) SAREH (Sarchs).
The above changes in names show that Navsari, like any other
city, has passed through many vicissitudes in the matter of political reign. About
fourteen hundred years ago, the kings of the Chalukya Dynasty governed the region
of Navsari. Later on, the Parsis, who migrated from Iran, virtually ruled this small
town. The reign of the Parsis ended as the Muslim rulers took over. For the last
one hundred years, until India's independence in 1947, Navsari was the property
of the Gaekwads of Baroda. |